CYCLODEXTRINS IN DRUG DELIVERY

CD Applications in Drug Delivery:



Parenteral Drug Delivery:

Ø CD derivatives such as amorphous HP-β- CDs have used for parenteral drug delivery.

Eg: An itraconazole parenteral injection containing HP-β-CD (40% wt/ vol).





Rectal Drug Delivery:

Hydrophilic CDs (especially methylated and hydroxylpropyl CDs) enhance the absorption of lipophilic drugs by improving the drug release from oleaginous vehicles and/or by increasing the drug dissolution rate in rectal fluids.

Eg: CDs enhance the rectal absorption of inabsorbable, hydrophilic drugs such as antibiotics, peptides, and proteins by their direct action on the rectal epithelial cells.







Other drug delivery systems:

Ø Colon-Specific Drug Delivery.

Ø Peptide and Protein Delivery.

Ø Gene and Oligonucleotide Delivery.

Ø Dermal and Transdermal Delivery.

Ø Brain Drug Delivery or Brain Targetting.








Regulatory status of CDs:

Ø A monograph on β-CD is included in USP 23/nf 18, 1995 and European pharmacopoeia 3rd edition 1997.

Ø Monographs on CDs are also given in Hand Book of Pharmaceutical excipients. The cyclodextrins are also accepted as new pharmaceutical excipient in USFDA.




Conclusion:



CDs, as a result of their complexation ability and other versatile characteristics, are continuing to have different applications in different areas of drug delivery and pharmaceutical industry. However, it is necessary to find out any possible interaction between these agents and other formulation additives because the interaction can adversely affect the performance of both. It is also important to have knowledge of different factors that can influence complex formation in order to prepare economically drug/CD complexes with desirable properties.



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